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The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between biosecurity as scored on the Italian National Animal Welfare Reference Centre (Centro di Referenza Nazionale per il Benessere Animale – CReNBA) checklist and the prevalence of  Mycobacterium avium  subsp.  paratuberculosis ,  Chlamydophila abortus  and  Neospora caninum  on dairy farms located in Ragusa, Italy. Material and Methods The checklist was used to assign an animal welfare score to 31 dairy farms. Twenty-one farms with a moderate score (&gt;33%,  66%) were group 2. Blood samples were collected from all cows on each farm to investigate the titres of antibodies against the relevant pathogens. Two-way analysis of variance was applied to assess differences between the two experimental groups and the Mann–Whitney test was applied to evaluate prevalence differences in the tested parasites between the groups. Results All tested farms had a score that classified them as either good or excellent. A higher incidence of  Neospora caninum  was observed in group 1. The incidences of the other two parasites were no different between the two groups. Conclusion The CReNBA checklist represents an impartial, reproducible, functional and smart instrument based on risk analysis and assigns a farm a mathematical animal welfare score. Among the parasites tested for, only  Neospora caninum  had prevalence influenced by biosecurity. Our preliminary results highlighted the positive associations between good animal welfare, high levels of biosecurity, and the prevention of the infectious diseases caused by the parasites in our focus, which are common on dairy farms.

Prevalence of infectious diseases on dairy farms classified on the basis of their biosecurity score