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A significant threat to public health is presented by antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria, selective pressure on which results from antibiotic use. Colistin is an antibiotic commonly used in veterinary medicine, but also one of last resort in human medicine. Since the 2015 discovery in China of the  mcr-1  gene encoding colistin resistance in  Enterobacteriaceae , other countries have noted its presence. This study was to find the  mcr-1  gene prevalence in  E. coli  isolated from poultry slaughtered in Poland. Material and Methods Cloacal swabs were taken from December 2017 to October 2018 from broiler chickens in three regions. The samples (n = 158) were grouped as flocks treated with colistin sulphate (n = 87) and those not treated (n = 71). Resistance to antimicrobials commonly used in poultry was evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration. The presence of the  mcr-1  gene was confirmed by PCR. Results Isolates containing the  mcr-1  gene were yielded by 11.27% of the samples from not treated flocks and 19.54% of those from treated flocks, but no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of the gene was seen between the groups. Conclusion The results clearly preclude intensification of selective pressure for colistin resistance due to colistin sulphate treatment because they show that the avian gastrointestinal tract was already inhabited by colistin-resistant  E. coli  by the time the chickens came to the poultry house.

journal of veterinary research

Colistin resistance of non-pathogenic strains of <i>Escherichia coli</i> occurring as natural intestinal flora in broiler chickens treated and not treated with colistin sulphate

Colistin resistance of non-pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli occurring as natural intestinal flora in broiler chickens treated and not treated with colistin sulphate