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Background: Chitotriosidase and YKL-40 are well-known in humans as Glyco_18 domain-containing proteins that are the common feature of mammalian chitinases and chitinaselike proteins. Previously, increased levels of YKL-40 were found correlated with the disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis. However, serum chitotriosidase activity in rheumatoid arthritis is not known yet. The aim of this study was to determine YKL-40 and chitotriosidase in patients with rheu - matoid arthritis and to compare these markers with traditi - onal ones such as C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Methods: Chitotriosidase, YKL-40 and C-reactive protein were measured in serum samples from 27 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 27 healthy people. Chitotriosidase, YKL-40, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were determined by a fluorometer, ELISA, nephelometer, and Western Green method, respectively. Results: Serum chitotriosidase activities and YKL-40 levels were higher in rheumatoid arthritis group than in control. A significant positive correlation was found between chitotriosidase and YKL-40. In ROC analysis, the areas under curves for chitotriosidase, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and YKL-40 were 0.96, 0.84, 0.76, and 0.65, respectively. Area under the curve for chitotriosidase was significantly higher than the area for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p=0.005) and for YKL-40 (p=0.0001), but not for Creactive protein (p=0.055). Conclusions: Serum chitotriosidase was significantly in creas - ed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Among all the param - eters evaluated, chitotriosidase was the most sensitive and specific one. Comprehensive studies covering larger populations are needed to elucidate the relationship bet ween chitinases, in particular chitotriosidase and rheumatoid arthritis. Kratak sadržaj Uvod: Hitotriazidaza i YKL-40 su dobro poznati kao proteini koji sadiže domen Gliko_18, koji je zajednička karakteristika hitinaze sisara i proteina sličnih hitinazi. Ranije se pokazalo da su povećani nivoi YKL-40 povezani sa delovanjem reuma- toidnog artritisa. Svrha ove studije je određivanje nivoa YKL- 40 i hitotriozidaza kod bolesnika sa reumatoidnim artritisom i upoređivanje sa uobičajenim indikatorima kao što su C- reaktivni protein i brzina sedimentacije eritrocita. Metode: Nivoi hitotriozidaza, YKL-40, C-reaktivni protein i brzina sedimentacije eritrocita u uzorcima seruma 27 boles- nika sa reumatoidnim artritisom i 27 zdravih osoba izmereni su redom fluorometrijskom, ELISA, nefelometrijskom i Western-Green metodom. Rezultati: U serumu grupe bolesnika sa reumatoidnim artritisom je zabeležena veća aktivnost hitotriozidaza i nivo YKL-40 u poređenju sa zdravim ispitanicima. Između hito- triozidaza i YKL-40 postoji statistički značajna pozitivna korelacija. U analizi ROC, za hitotriozidaze, C-reaktivni pro-tein, brzine sedimentacije eritrocita i YKL-40, područja ispod krive su redom zauzela 0,96, 0,84, 0,76 i 0,65. Vrednost područja ispod krive testa za hitotriozidaze je bila znatno veća od vrednosti područja ispod krive brzine sedimentacije eritrocita (p= 0,005) i YKL-40 (p=0,0001), ali identična sa područjem za C-reaktivni protein (p= 0,055). Zaključak: Aktivnost hitotriozidaze u serumu bolesnika sa reumatoidnim artritisom je u vidljivom porastu. Između svih procenjenih parametara utvrđeno je da je hitotriozidaza naj- osetljivija i najspecifičnija. Pbstoji potreba za opsežnim studi- jama na polju hitinaze, koje obuhvataju veće populacije i koje će istražiti odnos između hitotriozidaza i reumatoidnog artritisa.

Increased Chitotriosidase Activities in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Possible Novel Marker?