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Summary Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) represents the second most prevalent malignancy among males, which is characterized by a high mortality rate. The aim of our study was to evaluate the methylation status of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) in urine specimens from males with PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and its usefulness in distinguishing between males with PCa and BPH by noninvasive methods. Methods: Voided urine specimens were collected from 65 patients with PCa and 45 patients with BPH. Genomic DNA was isolated and subjected to bisulfite modification. Methylation status of the GSTP1 gene was determined by conventional methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) analysis. Results: Promoter hypermethylation of the GSTP1 gene in voided urine samples was found in 63 of 65 (97%) males with PCa and in 5 of 45 (11%) males with BPH. The sensitivity and specificity of GSTP1 in discriminating between PCa and BPH males were 98% and 89%, respectively. Conclusions: Gene analysis of GSTP1 using conventional MSP in urine specimens can be used as a noninvasive biomarker to distinguish between men with malignant and benign prostatic diseases. Kratak sadržaj Uvod: Kancer prostate (KP) predstavlja drugi najčešći malig- nitet kod muškaraca, koji se odlikuje visokom stopom mor- taliteta. Cilj studije bio je da se odredi status metilacije gluta- tion S-transferaze P1 (GSTP1) u uzorcima urina uzetim od muškaraca sa KP i benignom hiperplazijom prostate (BHP), kao i njegova korisnost u razlikovanju muškaraca sa KP i muškaraca sa BHP pomoću neinvazivnih metoda. Metode: Čisti uzorci urina uzeti su od 65 pacijenata sa KP i 45 pacijenata sa BHP Genomska DNK je izolovana i pod- vrgnuta bisulfitnoj modifikaciji. Status metilacije gena GSTP1 odreden je konvencionalnom analizom lančane reakcije polimeraze specifične za metilaciju (MSP). Rezultati: Hipermetilacija promotera gena GSTP1 u čistim uzorcima urina otkrivena je kod 63 od 65 (97%) muškaraca sa KP i kod 5 od 45 (11%) muškaraca sa BHP Osetljivost i specifičnost GSTP1 za diskriminisanje između KP i BHP bile su 98% i 89%. Zaključak: Genska analiza GSTP1 u uzorcima urina pomoću konvencionalne metode MSP može se koristiti kao neinva- zivan biomarker za razlikovanje muškaraca sa malignim i benignim oboljenjima prostate.

Molecular Detection of Prostate Cancer by Methylation-Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction from Urine Specimens