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The present study was designed to investigate the chemoprotective effect of green tea extract (GTE), rosmarinic acid (RA) and rosemary extract (RE) against diethylnitrosamine (DEN) initiated and ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA) promoted nephrotoxicity in rats. Forty male rats were categorized into five: Group I included healthy rats, group II received DEN+Fe-NTA, group III received 200 mg/kg b.wt. of RE+DEN+Fe-NTA, group IV received 1 g/kg b.wt. of GTE+DEN+Fe-NTA and group V received 50 mg/kg b.wt. of RA+DEN+Fe-NTA. RE, GTE, RA were given orally for 14 days before single intraperitoneal administration of DEN (160 mg/kg) till the end of the experiment. Eighteen days after DEN, a single intraperitoneal dose of Fe-NTA (5 mg Fe/kg) was administrated to rats to promote nephrotoxicity. The biochemical parameters were analyzed in serum at time intervals while the malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were assessed in both serum and renal tissues. Kidney from each group was histopathologically examined at time intervals. The administration of Fe-NTA after DEN dose to albino rats resulted in acute nephrotoxicity which was characterized by a highly significant elevation of serum urea, creatinine, uric acid ( p =0.000), serum and renal MDA and TNF-α ( p =0.000) with vacuolation of epithelial lining renal tubules. The administration of RE, GTE and RA prior to DEN+Fe-NTA treatment significantly ameliorated the observed increased levels of the above mentioned parameters. GTE, RA &amp; RE exerted a protective effect against renal toxicity with GTE showing a more pronounced effect on renal function parameters while RA showed the best antioxidant impact.

interdisciplinary toxicology

Nephroprotective effect of green tea, rosmarinic acid and rosemary on N-diethylnitrosamine initiated and ferric nitrilotriacetate promoted acute renal toxicity in Wistar rats