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An honest intellectual dutifully standing with truth against lies and treacheries of his society is a  parrhesiastic  figure in Foucault’s terminology. Foucault takes  parrhesia  as the fearless and frank speech regarding the truth of something or a situation before truthmongering and public deception and he takes the  parrhesiastic  as the spokesperson for truth. In this light, Dr. Stockmann in Ibsen’s  An Enemy of the People  occupies a unique position within Ibsen’s political philosophy. Dutifully criticizing what the majority blindly take for granted from their liar leaders in the name of democracy, Dr. Stockmann fulfills the role of a  parrhesiastic  figure that stands against socio-political corruption. He enters a  parrhesiastic game  with both the majority and the officialdom to fulfill his  democratic parrhesia  as a truthful citizen before the duped community, while covertly preparing for his own  philosophic parrhesia  or self-care within the conformist community. However, his final failure lies in his confrontation with democracy itself, which wrongly gives the right of speaking even to the liars. This article thus aims at analyzing Ibsen’s play through a Foucauldian perspective regarding the concept of  parrhesia  and its relation to democracy. It is to reveal Ibsen’s satire on the fake ideology of democracy and highlight the necessity of humanity’s  parrhesiastic  self-care for the well-being of the self and the others.

On Dr. Stockmann’s Parrhesia: Ibsen’s An Enemy of the People in the Light of Foucault