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The present paper presents the local differences in the seasonal variation of stroke mortality and the relation between stroke mortality and temperature in Japan where deaths have got concentrated particularly in winter. The statistical analysis has been made prefecture by prefecture and for the six big cities. And deaths from stroke are compared with those from heart diseases. 1. The death index for stroke shows a sharp peak, regardless of temperature changes, from the northern part of the Tohoku district through the southern tip of Kyushu. In all other prefectures, seasonal variation is bigger than in Hokkaido. The winter peak is higher for mortality from heart diseases than that from stroke, and seasonal variation is again the smallest. This is attributed to the difference in the heating system between Hokkaido and other prefectures. 2. The coefficient of regression of stroke mortality on temperature is generally negative and, moreover, it is higher in the northern prefectures except Hokkaido, where the seasonal variation of stroke mortality is slightly smaller than in the urban areas. Among the six big cities, the death rate is higher in Tokyo and Yokohama than in Kyoto and Osaka, and Tokyo shows the biggest coefficient of correlation between mortality and temperature for both stroke and heart diseases, but no significant difference can be seen among the six cities. Due consideration has to be given to the marked differences in death causes between the urban areas and the northern districts for both stroke and heart diseases and to the differences in living customs between the Kanto and Kansai regions. 3. In the winter of 1962, the death rate was exceptionally high due probably to the country-wide spread of influenza. It is interesting to note the exceptional peak only for heart diseases in the relatively warm areas and for both stroke and heart diseases in the cold districts. 4. In the districts where temperature exceeds 24°C in the season, the death rate declines along with the rise of temperature but begins an upcurve after the temperature rises higher than 24°C. This phenomenon calls for careful studies from the viewpoint of biometeorology and human ecology.

The Seasonal Variation of Stroke Mortality and Its Relation to its Temperature in Japan