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It is intended to show with three historical examples how religion, in the form of Catholic Christianity, has been decisive in advancing moral philosophy or social philosophy. Faced with positions that understand that religion has as its main function the conservation of the status quo of a particular society (Marx or Durkheim), we want to show with some notable cases that it is rather the opposite: religious motivations have brought about changes in the way of thinking that inevitably entail changes in the way of life (Weber). We choose three authors encompassed within the same period and the same geographical area (the Spanish Renaissance). Francisco de Vitoria, reflecting on the causes of just war, the titles of conquest or slavery, laid the foundations of international law outside violent imposition. Juan Luis Vives proposed, from the Christian philosophy that inspires all his work, a regular and organized assistance to the poor, which would be the basis of contemporary social assistance. Juan de Mariana made a political reflection that limited so much the power of the emperor that he even suggested the possibility of tyrannicide in case of absolute necessity. These three authors show us that, although religion continues to play an important role in transmitting values, it also exerts a beneficial influence that allows evolution in the customs and, consequently, in the philosophical reflection of them.

VIVES, VITORIA Y MARIANA: RELIGIÓN Y PROGRESO SOCIAL