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Na ultima decada o uso de agrotoxicos no Brasil cresceu expressivamente tornando o pais um dos maiores consumidores mundiais destes produtos. Alem disso, estudos evidenciam que os agrotoxicos possuem capacidade neurotoxica e podem levar a transtornos mentais, problemas de ansiedade e quadros depressivos em trabalhadores expostos O objetivo do estudo foi determinar sintomas fisicos e psicoemocionais de trabalhadores rurais expostos ocupacionalmente aos agrotoxicos a partir do instrumento Self- Report – Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Tratou-se de uma pesquisa exploratoria com abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvida com 100 trabalhadores rurais, sendo 50 deles agricultores que trabalham diretamente na aplicacao de agrotoxicos e 50 moradores de areas rurais que nao trabalham com aplicacao de agrotoxicos. Foram definidos como criterios de inclusao, homens, com idade entre 18 a 49 anos, que residissem em areas rurais. Os dados foram coletados a partir de entrevistas norteadas por dois instrumentos: uma entrevista individual utilizando um questionario que buscou captar informacoes sobre exposicao dos trabalhadores aos agrotoxicos e um instrumento para avaliar sofrimento mental denominado Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20). A media de idade dos trabalhadores entrevistados foi de 40 anos com desvio padrao de 9,24. O tempo medio de trabalho na aplicacao de agrotoxicos foi de 20 anos, com tempo maximo de 41 e minimo de 4 anos. Em relacao ao grau de instrucao, 58% dos agricultores possuem ensino fundamental incompleto e 26% ensino medio completo. Evidenciou-se que 30% dos agricultores que trabalham diretamente na aplicacao dos agrotoxicos apresentam sofrimento mental segundo o instrumento aplicado. Para o grupo dos que nao aplicam o valor correspondeu a 34%. Nao foi possivel identificar em nosso estudo uma relacao direta entre a aplicacao de agrotoxicos e sofrimento mental (p=0,983). ABSTRACTIn the last decade, the use of agrochemicals in Brazil has grown significantly, making the country one of the world's largest consumers of these products. In addition, studies show that pesticides have neurotoxic capacity and can lead to mental disorders, anxiety problems and depressive disorders in exposed workers. The objective of the study was to determine the physical and psychoemotional symptoms of rural workers occupationally exposed to pesticides from the Self- Report - Questionnaire (SRQ-20). It was an exploratory research with quantitative approach, developed with 100 rural workers, 50 of them of farmers who work directly in the application of pesticides and 50 inhabitants of rural areas that do not work with application of pesticides. Men, aged 18 to 49 years, who lived in rural areas were defined as inclusion criteria. The data were collected based on interviews guided by two instruments: an individual interview using a questionnaire that sought to gather information about workers' exposure to pesticides and an instrument to evaluate mental suffering called Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20). The mean age of the workers interviewed was 40 years, with a standard deviation of 9.24. The average working time in the application of agrochemicals was 20 years, with a maximum time of 41 and a minimum of 4 years. Regarding the level of education, 58% of the farmers have incomplete elementary education and 26% complete secondary education. It was evidenced that 30% of farmers who work directly in the application of pesticides present mental suffering according to the applied instrument. For the group of those who do not apply the value corresponded to 34%. It was not possible to identify in our study a direct relationship between the application of pesticides and mental suffering (p = 0.983).

saúde e meio ambiente

Determinação dos sintomas físicos e psicoemocionais de trabalhadores rurais expostos ocupacionalmente aos agrotóxicos / Determination of physical and psychoemocial symptoms of rural workers occupational exposure to pesticides