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Chitin was isolated from the insect Brachystola magna using an acid-alkali treatment (1 M of HCl and NaOH) at high temperature (97 °C); it was then deacetylated to chitosan (NaOH 40 % /110 °C/ 5.5 h). The dry weight yields of chitin and chitosan were 10.4 and 8.1% respectively. Chitin and chitosan were characterized by infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform, X-ray diraction, scanning electron microscopy, potentiometric titration and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography; they were compared with commercial chitin and chitosan. The results showed that the obtained chitin and chitosan had chemical structures comparable to commercial polymers, with similar physicochemical properties; the obtained chitosan had a deacetylation degree of 87 % and high molecular weight (25.8 kDa). Brachystola magna Girard could be considered as a potential source for obtaining chitin and chitosan in significant quantities and at low cost.

Extraction and characterization of phisicochemical morphological, and structural properties of chitin and chitosan from Brachystola magna (Girard)