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Slow-release fertilizer formulations at various NPK analyses, release rates, and application rates were evaluated for their effects on seedling growth and mycorrhizal development of container-grown seedlings of Pinus echinata (Mill.) inoculated with Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker and Couch. Fertilizer release rate and application rate affected formation of mycorrhizae. At 9.0 kg/m3 (15.0 lb/yd3), greater numbers of seedlings formed mycorrhizae and a greater portion of the root system was mycorrhizal with the 8 to 9 month release fertilizer, regardless of formulation, than with the 1 to 2 or 3 to 4 month release fertilizers. Best seedling growth and mycorrhizae formation was obtained with the 21N-3.OP-11.6K (21-7-14) 8 to 9 month release fertilizer at the 4.5 kg/m3 (7.5 lb/yd3) application rate. Because fertilizer release is temperature dependent, deleterious effects of over fertilization may be greater with higher greenhouse temperatures. The low benefits of fertilization rates higher than 4.5 kg/m3 (7.5 lb/yd3) do not warrant the risk of interference with formation of mycorrhizae.

Effect of Slow Release Fertilizers on Formation of Mycorrhizae and Growth of Container Grown Pine Seedlings