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Two trials evaluated insecticides for fl atheaded borer control and effect on red maple (Acer rubrum L.) cultivar growth over 4 years. Chrysobothris femorata (Olivier) was the only species reared from borer damaged maples during the study. Soil-applied systemic insecticides (acephate, imidacloprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, and thiamethoxam) and trunk-applied contact insecticides (chlorpyrifos and bifenthrin) were tested. In the 2005 trial, a one-time drench of Allectus (imidacloprid + bifenthrin) or Discus (imidacloprid + cyfl uthrin) provided 2 to 4 years of protection with ‘Autumn Flame’ and ‘Franksred’ from C. femorata. Soil-applied experimental imidacloprid tablets prevented borer damage in the third and fourth post-treatment years, but were not as effective as imidacloprid drenches in the fi rst two years. Soil applied acephate tablets, chlorpyrifos (Dursban 4E) trunk sprays, or untreated control plants had borer damage each year, which totaled up to 41.7% damage by year 4 in ‘Autumn Flame’. Trunk diameter growth and tree canopy size was greater with Discus drench or imidacloprid tablet treatments than other treatments. In the 2006 trial, drenches of Allectus, Discus, or Safari 20SG (dinotefuran) applied in May and Discus or Arena 50WDG (clothianidin) drenches applied in March provided complete protection from C. femorata the fi rst year in ‘Fairview Flame’, ‘Franksred’, and ‘October Glory’. Discus (March) drench provided four years of complete protection among the three cultivars, while other neonicotinoid drenches had 3.7−6.3% (Arena March), 3.7−12.5% (Arena May), 0−6.3% (Discus May), 0−10.3% (Safari), and 12.5−20.5% (Flagship) total damage. Ineffective treatments included an experimental imidacloprid gel (7.4−18.8% damage), acephate tablets (18.5−75.0%), Onyx Pro Insecticide (5.1−18.8%), Dursban 2E (11.1−31.3%), one imidacloprid tablet (15.4−43.8%), or untreated plants (32.1−41.0%). This study demonstrates a single application of some neonicotinoid treatments can provide multi-year C. femorata prevention, increased maple trunk growth, and provide borer protection superior to trunk sprays. Index words: fl atheaded appletree borer (Chrysobothris femorata), Coleoptera: Buprestidae, Neonicotinoid, Acer rubrum, insecticide, tree growth. Insecticides used in this study: experimental imidacloprid tablet formulation (Merit FXT; currently marketed as CoreTect); experimental imidacloprid gel formulation; experimental acephate tablet (Borer-Stop EcoTab); bifenthrin (Onyx Pro Insecticide); chlorpyrifos (Dursban 2E or 4E); clothianidin (Arena 50WDG); dinotefuran (Safari 20SG); imidacloprid + bifenthrin (Allectus SC); imidacloprid + cyfl uthrin (Discus); thiamethoxam (Flagship 25WG); potassium polyacrylamide acrylate copolymer (Terra-Sorb Fine Hydrogel). Species used in this study: red maple (Acer rubrum L.) cultivars ‘Autumn Flame’, ‘Fairview Flame’, ‘Franksred’, and ‘October Glory’.

journal of environmental horticulture

Evaluation of a Single Application of Neonicotinoid and Multi-Application Contact Insecticides for Flatheaded Borer Management in Field Grown Red Maple Cultivars