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espanolEl articulo Mila Orlic aborda el caso de Croacia, cuya la memoria ha sido profundamente remodelada por la disolucion de Yugoslavia y por la experiencia de la guerra de 1991-1995 contra Serbia. En el proceso de construccion del nuevo Estado nacional, las politicas de la memoria desarrolladas en los anos Noventa por iniciativa, sobre todo del presidente Tuđman, buscaron construir una nueva identidad puramente croata refiriendose, por un lado, a la experiencia del denominado “Estado Independiente Croata” de 1941.1945, es decir de la herencia Ustacha y, por el otro lado, buscando borrar el pasado yugoslavo. Apelando al concepto de repacificacion nacional, convocando a los descendientes de los Ustacha y de los partisanos, las politicas de la memoria de los anos Noventa se fundaron, contemporanea y contradictoriamente, sobre dos entidades historicamente opuestas: el antifascismo y la experiencia Ustacha, creando con ello un cortocircuito en las memorias publicas. La referencia a la Segunda Guerra Mundial era permanente y la misma guerra de los anos Noventa fue vista como una prolongacion de aquella experiencia. Despues de la muerte de Tuđman (1999), se ha producido una reorientacion de las politicas de la memoria en Croacia, con una progresiva toma de distancia con relacion a la herencia Ustacha. EnglishThe Mila Orlic article discusses the case of Croatia, whose memory has been deeply reshaped by the dissolution of Yugoslavia and the experience of the 1991-1995 war against Serbia. In the process of building the new national state, the memory policies developed in the Nineties by initiative, especially of President Tuđman, sought to build a new purely Croatian identity referring, on the one hand, to the experience of the so-called “Independent Croatian State” of 1941- 1945, that is to say of the Ustacha inheritance and, on the other hand, seeking to remove the Yugoslav past. Appealing to the concept of national repacification, bringing together the descendants of the Ustacha and the partisans, the politics of the memory of the Nineties were founded, contemporaneously and contradictorily, on two historically opposed entities: antifascism and the Ustacha experience, creating with ihis a short circuit in public memories. The reference to the Second World War was permanent and the same war of the Nineties was seen as an extension of that experience. After the death of Tuđman (1999), there has been a reorientation of memory politics in Croatia, with a progressive distancing in relation to the Ustacha inheritance.

El pasado que no pasa: Cortocircuitos en las políticas de la memoria en Croacia