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In this paper, an analytical cost/worth evaluation framework is presented for determination of optimal reliability enhancement plan in active distribution systems. In this regard, it is assumed that emergency vehicle-to-grid (V2G) programs provided by parking lots will be deployed for supplying loads during network outages, and optimal number of participating electric vehicles (EVs) is determined using a reliability cost/worth method. According to the presented framework, distribution system annual social costs are minimized. Annual social costs include annualized investment costs, annual operating costs, annual revenues as well as annual customer interruption costs (CIC). Therefore, estimation procedure of different cost terms are introduced. Moreover, an appropriate analytical framework is presented for calculation of CIC. Furthermore, a simple method is presented for estimating the financial costs of emergency V2G programs. The presented framework is implemented on a test system, various emergency V2G programs are investigated, and the results are discussed.

Reliability Enhancement of Active Distribution Grids via Emergency V2G Programs: An Analytical Cost/Worth Evaluation Framework