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Unplanned settlements, slums, and informal settlements have varying interpretations and meanings based on the socioeconomic, political, and mainly historical circumstances. The United Nations has defined slums as overcrowded residential areas, characterized by dilapidated housing and lack of essential services such as drinking water and sanitation (UNESCAP, 2015). From a broader perspective, unplanned settlements are built areas not authorized by the government and illegally settled, while slums denote substandard dwellings in terms of services and infrastructure, building materials, and method of construction (UN-Habitat, 2015). They have also been categorized as “the most deprived form” of settlements, which may not necessarily be illegal (Drakakis-Smith, 1981). Thus, an unplanned settlement specific definition depends on its scale and existing urban context and it is not necessarily to be categorized as a slum, while its residents might not be poor (Minnery et al., 2013). However, it was estimated that approximately one billion persons are living in slums worldwide, and this number is expected to double by 2030 (UN-Habitat, 2016). Out of one billion persons, about 881 million are living in slums in developing countries. The highest number is recorded in Asia followed by Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean. In 2015, it was estimated that approximately 25% of the world’s urban population continued to make their home in an urban slum (UNHabitat, 2015). Centre for Research on Settlements and Urbanism

Unplanned Settlements in Saudi Arabia. The Case of Al-Sabeel District, Jeddah