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In 2015, the Joint Directorate of State Nature Reserves renur and Shaitanau SI renur Re serves) launched the Proramme on estalishin a semifree population of the Przewalski’s horse Equus ferus przewalskii in the 165 km2 PreUrals Steppe site of renur State Nature Reserve Russia). he aim of this study is to analyse the space use by two harem groups of the Przewalski’s horse during the first years after re lease from acclimatisation enclosures. he study conducted from ctoer 2016 to March 2019 and started when the first group of horses had been released from the acclimatisation enclosure to the main territory of Pre-Urals Steppe. Locations of harems were analysed separately for two periods: winter and snowfree. We compared location points in preferred areas assessed y Kernel Density Estimation 50%) and other random locations) with reard distance to acclimatisation enclosures, to a local zoo, and to ponds only for snowfree period). he horses preferred to e closer to the acclimatisation enclosures and the local zoo durin the winter period, ut tended to avoid the zoo durin the snowfree period. he distance etween freeranin harem roups was shorter durin the winter than in the snowfree period. We also found a hiher tendency of one roup to e closer to the acclimatisation enclosures and the zoo. he presence of other horses within the area of release is an ovious attraction factor for freeranin individuals and roups. We are of the opinion that it is due to needs to occasionally interact with horses of other roups reardless of whether it is aression or attachment. emales seemed to contribute significantly in interband relationships of Przewalski’s horses in Pre-Urals Steppe. Such social needs may facilitate a whole population’s interity, as acclimatisation enclosures with roups of horses inside will e an anchor that holds freeranin horses within the site of reintroduction. n the other hand, free ranin Przewalski’s horses will leave an unfenced protected area with no uarantee to come ack as soon as they detect other horses outside the reserve order. The difference in the distance between groups and the lower association needs in the snowfree period indicates the necessity for proper plannin of a suitale area for free ranin populations of Przewalski’s horses.

nature conservation research. zapovednaâ nauka

THE SPACE USE BY PRZEWALSKI’S HORSES OF THE SEMI-FREE POPULATION DURING FIRST YEARS AFTER THEIR REINTRODUCTION TO ORENBURG STATE NATURE RESERVE, RUSSIA