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Population growth, lack of ground-storage in major metropolitan centers, and a variety of security issues cause the need to develop large storage capacities to meet potable water supply needs during emergency conditions in the GCC/MENA region. Because of the arid nature of the region and the very large storage capacities required, conventional ground-storage and surface reservoirs are not economically feasible to meet strategic storage requirements, but must be used to manage distribution system daily demand fluctuation and short-term emergency needs (fire flow). Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) is an economic and viable technical solution to meet the critical need for strategic long-term storage. ASR systems that can potentially store billions of cubic meters of desalinated water can be economically developed. These systems need to be sited at strategic locations, such as near water treatment facilities, adjacent to major pipelines conveying post-treated desalinated water to municipal population centers or near to pumping stations associated with municipal high water use centers. Great consideration must also be given not only to the strategic positioning of the ASR reservoirs, but also to the hydrogeology of the aquifers in which the systems would be developed. Not all locations and aquifer systems can successfully support a mega-scale ASR system.

Strategic Aquifer Storage and Recovery of Desalinated Water to Achieve Water Security in the GCC/MENA Region