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The aim of our study was to evaluate stress response in atropine-midazolam premedicated dogs under epidural dexmedetomidine alone or with local anaesthetics. A total of 24 healthy, client-owned mixed breed adult dogs, with an average weight of 18.1 ± 2.4 kg were allotted randomly (n = 6) to four groups, viz: A, B, C and D. All the animals were premedicated intramuscularly with atropine (0.04 mg/kg) and after 5 minutes by intravenous midazolam (0.7 mg/kg). After 10 minutes of premedication, in group A dexmedetomidine (7 μg/kg) and in groups B, C and D, in addition to dexmedetomidine (7 μg/kg), lidocaine (4.4 mg/kg), bupivacaine (2 mg/ kg) and ropivacaine (2 mg/kg) were administered, respectively, at the lumbosacral epidural space. Anaesthesia was maintained with 1 per cent propofol as and when needed. Stress response during the surgical procedure was evaluated and assessed by measuring plasma levels of insulin, glucose, cortisol and blood neutrophil count at 0 min, 30 min and 90 min after epidural administration of the drugs in all groups. Insulin fluctuated nonsignificantly around the baseline in all groups, except for a very significant decrease at 30 min in group C, and a significant increase at the same interval in group B. Glucose values significantly increased in group D at 90 min. Cortisol showed a non-significant decrease from base values in all groups, except for a significant increase at 90 min in group A. The neutrophil count varied non-significantly at all intervals in all groups. No significant differences were recorded in glucose, cortisol and neutrophil count between the different groups at different intervals. It was concluded that dexmedetomidine, in combination with lidocaine, bupivacaine or ropivacaine, at the doses studied may be employed safely for epidural anaesthesia and analgesia, with adequate blunting of stress response during surgical procedures.

Evaluation of stress response in atropine - midazolam premedicated dogs under epidural dexmedetomidine, with or without local anaesthetics