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The opioid epidemic is currently a major public health problem inCanada. As such, knowledge of upstream risk factors associated with opioid use isneeded to inform injury prevention, health promotion and harm reduction efforts. Methods We analyzed data extracted from 11 pediatric and 6 general hospital emergencydepartments (EDs) as part of the electronic Canadian Hospitals Injury Reportingand Prevention Program (eCHIRPP) from March 2011 to June 2017. We identified suspectedopioid-related injuries using search strings and manually verified them. We computedage-adjusted and sex-stratified proportionate injury ratios (PIRs) and 95%confidence intervals (CIs) to compare opioid-related injuries to all injuries in eCHIRPP.Negative binomial regression was used to determine trends over time. We conductedqualitative analyses of narratives to identify common themes across life stages. Results Between March 2011 and June 2017, 583 suspected opioid-related poisoning/injury cases were identified from eCHIRPP. Most of the cases were females (55%). Manyof the injuries occurred in patients’ own homes (51%). Forty-five percent of the injurieswere intentional self-harm. Among children (aged 1–9 years), most injuries were causedby inadvertent consumption of opioids left unattended. Among youth (aged 10–19 years)and adults (aged 20–49 years), opioid use was associated with underlying mental illness.Overall, the average annual percent change (AAPC) in the rate of injuries (per100 000 eCHIRPP cases) has been increasing since 2012 (AAPC = 11.9%, p $lt; .05). Theincrease is particularly evident for males (AAPC = 16.3%, p $lt; .05). Compared to otherinjuries, people with suspected opioid-related injuries were more likely to be admittedto hospital (PIR = 5.3, 95% CI: 4.6–6.2). 	    Conclusion The upstream determinants of opioid-related injuries are complex andlikely vary by subpopulations. Therefore, continued monitoring of risk factors is importantin providing the evidence necessary to prevent future overdoses and deaths.

health promotion and chronic disease prevention in canada

Sentinel surveillance of suspected opioid-related poisonings and injuries: trends and context derived from the electronic Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program, March 2011 to June 2017