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Energy storage devices, such as flywheel storages, can be used in railway systems, especially tramways, to save energy from being turned into heat in the braking resistor. This paper provides a quantitative analysis for the possible energy savings by using a flywheel energy storage system in a tramway. For this purpose a flywheel is modeled considering various internal losses. Based on the defined operating strategy, the power flow of the traction system is analyzed for a given driving cycle. The energy consumption of a tram with a flywheel system is compared to the consumption of a conventional tram without an energy storage device and a tram with a storage device based on supercaps. Finally, the influence of the grid feedin power limit on the energy savings is analyzed.

Power Flow Simulation of Flywheel Energy Storage Systems for Tramways