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The even growing number of small power (household rate) PV sets and the connecting inverters should warn utility companies to make a reconsideration on the network losses. Of course the main portion of the network losses is in connection with the fundamental current flow along the network. In our former papers [1], [2] and [3] it was pointed out that the harmonic network losses caused by non-linear loads generating harmonic currents actually are paid, because the non-linear loads receive as additional fundamental power the network losses originating by their generated harmonic currents. The PV inverter is a fundamental current power generator, but as a nonlinear element it generates harmonic currents as well. The fundamental current network loss cannot be separated into parts caused by consumption and generation; therefore the utility pays for the total energy supplied by the PV installation including the network loss. And what is the situation regarding the harmonic network loss? The paper gives a theoretical overview of the problem, furthermore – based on laboratory measurements – a proper computer simulation model was developed. Using computer simulations different practical scenarios are discussed.

Who pays for harmonic network losses caused by PV inverters?