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There are two methods for obtaining data about the Earth surface temperature. The direct method includes measurements obtained directly by ground-based methods, like weather station data, the another is a remote method, which includes satellite remote sensing data. The satellite remote sensing is the only instrument to obtain long-term homogenous series of data about the ground temperature. The paper reviews methods of determining the surface emission coefficient based on the satellite remote sensing data. Thermal emission is an attribute of objects, phenomena, and processes, which are hidden from direct observation. The ground surface temperature can be defined by using the values of the thermal bands. Due to its heterogeneity, the ground surface has a different emissivity, which is determined by the emissivity coefficient. The most common methods for the determining the emissivity coefficient for a satellite image are based on a normalized vegetation index or on applying an image classification. In our study the calculation of the ground surface temperature is defined in two steps. At first, in order to determine the emissivity coefficient, the classification of the image is realized by with the identification of the main types of surface: soil, water, vegetation, and buildings. Then using the values of the 10th band of the TIRS scanner of the Landsat-8 satellite and the emissivity coefficient, the ground surface temperature in Celsius degrees was calculated. The radiometric and atmospheric corrections were applied to the satellite data. 10 cloudless scenes from 2013 to 2016 has been considered. Based on the results of the study thermal anomalies were identified in Krasnoyarsk city. The problem of the thermal anomalies is typical for all major cities of the world. The satellite thermal images are a valuable source of the information for analyzing the thermal anomalies on a selected territory. The determination of nature and boundaries of the thermal anomalies will help to understand the causes of the unfavorable ecological situation in the considered city. On the territory of Krasnoyarsk city, the two types of the thermal anomalies can be distinguished: natural and anthropogenic. The anthropogenic objects with intense thermal emission has been outlined (or defined). In our study, plant facilities and shopping malls are such objects. These objects consist of dense materials with high heat capacities, such as asphalt, concrete, and steel. Most of the anthropogenic objects are made of such materials.

REMOTE METHODS IN STUDYING THE TEMPERATURE OF THE EARTH'S SURFACE IN CITIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE CITY OF KRASNOYARSK, RUSSIA)