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In their earlier investigations Paloheimo and Mäkelä (2) and Mäkelä (1, p. 84) have studied the rate of the passage of food in the digestive tract of cows haj'’ being the only food. Paloheimo and Mäkelä (3) have continued these experiments with cows fed on hay and concentrates in the ratio of either 1 : 0.5 or 1 : 1. The present paper deals with experiments with cows fed on either hay-(-sugar beet pulp or hay-(-swedes (rutabagas), in both cases in a ratio of 1 : 0.5 on a dry matter basis. Mäkelä (1, p. 26) has reviewed until the year 1955 investigations related to the rate of passage of food in the digestive tract of farm animals. Paloheimo and Mäkelä (3) have paid attention to some recent investigations made with ruminants and also to some earlier papers related to the transport of concentrates or other fine ground materials in the alimentary canal of ruminants and their influence upon the rate of passage of the whole ration. They have also paid attention to the various ways of expressing the retention time of food in the digestive tract. In the present paper the retention time of food in the digestive tract of cows is calculated according to the principle used in the earlier papers cited .above. For instance, as an expression for the retention time of dry matter in the reticulo-rumen the concept »the mean retention time of a dry matter point», or, as shortened »the mean retention time of dry matter» has been used. That means the average time which the dry matter points 1) of the ingesta stay in the said proventriculi, and it is calculated by dividing the dry matter contents in the reticulo-rumen by the daily intake of dry matter. Also for lignin, membrane substances (as a complex), and valuable N-free nutrients, the retention time in the reticulo-rumen as well

On the influence of diet on the retention time of food in the digestive tract of cows