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Background: Trypanosoma brucei brucei in mice, the experimental model of African Trypanosomiasis, is known to begin crossing the blood-brain barrier between 9-13 days post-infection, which is also considered the commencement of the late stage of the disease. A few recent reports however, reported traversal as early as two hours to a few days. In these reports laboratory strains were used thus this study sought to find out if this early brain invasion is phenomenon of laboratory strains or also field isolates. Materials and methods: In this study the blood-brain barrier traversal of three Trypanosoma brucei brucei strains: A field strain, a laboratory strain and an uncharacterized strain, was compared. Three groups of mice were infected with each strain respectively, and then treated with Diminazene aceturate at 3, 6 and 9 days post-infection. When no parasites could be seen in the blood, mice brains were excised out, homogenized in Phosphate Saline Glucose and used to re-infect new groups of mice. The infectivity of the brain homogenate was used to determine the traversal time-point. Results: The data showed that all strains traversed the blood brain barrier much earlier than what was previously reported, with the earliest traversal time point being 3 days post-infection. Conclusion: Taken together these data indicate that early blood-brain barrier traversal is not just a phenomenon of laboratory strains but all strains and may have an implication on the control of African Trypanosomiasis.

Early Blood Brain Barrier Traversal by Trypanosoma Brucei Brucei Strains: A Phenomenon of Laboratory Strains or Field Strains as Well?