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Background: Tuberculosis is one of the major global public health problems. Each year, there are around nine million new cases of tuberculosis, and close to two million deaths. Ninety eight percent of TB deaths are in the developing world affecting mostly young adults in their most productive years. Providing quality care for pulmonary tuberculosis patients is crucial in prevention and control of the disease. Studies show that consistent compliance with evidence-based guidelines can significantly improve patient safety and quality of care. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Services in Health Centers of Sekoru Woreda, Jimma Zone, South West Ethiopia in 2012. Methods: The study was conducted from June 25 July 13/2012 and used Cross sectional study design. The data was collected from 753 program documents (191 from follow up charts of HIV patients, 445 from OPD patients’ cards, and 117 from unit TB registers) of Sekoru and Deneba health centers. Eleven health professionals were also interviewed. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze quantitative data using SPSS 16.0 for window and the qualitative data was analyzed in themes and supplemented to the quantitative data. Result: In this study 445 OPD cards with cough of ≥ 2 weeks, 117 TB patients’ information from TB register unit, follow up charts of 53 patients on pre-ART care and 138 patients on ART treatment were reviewed. Of the total 445 patients who visited outpatient with cough of greater than or equal to 2 weeks, 263 (59.1%) were sent to lab and lab results were registered for 209 (47%) patient. 29 (6.5%) were diagnosed as smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 60 (13.5%) were diagnosed as smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis. The diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis positive patients was considered correct in 90% of the patients and none of the diagnoses for the pulmonary tuberculosis negative patients was considered correct based on the national guideline. Correct drugs and correct doses were prescribed in both intensive and continuous phases for 96.1% and 84.5% of the patients respectively. From the total 103 sputum smear positive patients who were on treatment, sputum conversion test was done at the end of 2nd, 5th and 6th/7th months for 87.5%, 84.8% and 79.3% of patients respectively. Treatment outcome of majority of patients were cured (76.1%) and outcome was not written for 3.4% of the patients. Conclusion and recommendations: There is under diagnosis of TB after patients come to health centers but once patients are diagnosed, there is good treatment service and high likelihood of getting cured or successfully completing the treatment. A lot remains to be done to improve the service delivery and process of case findings specifically for negative PTB patients so as to reach the performance targets set in the TBL guidelines. This could be ensured through strict adherence to the elements of DOTS strategy. Thus, health workers should be encouraged to adhere to the national guidelines, Quality of reagents should be maintained, and all categories of anti TB drugs should be availed all times. Training, Supervision and follow up should also be strengthened.

Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Services in Health Centers of Sekoru Woreda, Jimma Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, 2012