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Problem: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is associated with the disorder in calcium homeostasis. Background: Regarding this fact which alteration of calcium concentration may be involved in glucose metabolism in a number of pathways, the present study was designed to evaluate maternal calcium status in first half of pregnancy in relation to gestational diabetes mellitus. Hypothesis: There are relationship between calcium supplementation, dietary calcium intake and urine calcium creatinine ratio and gestational diabetes. Materials and Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on 1,033 healthy singleton childbearing women. Assessment of dietary intake of calcium and maternal urine calcium creatinine ratio are performed in 14-24 weeks of gestation. In 24-28 weeks of gestation, Glucose Challenge Test (GCT) were performed for screening of GDM, then all subjects with an abnormal GCT underwent 3-h 100-g Oral Glucose (OGTT) to the diagnosis of GDM. Findings: Gestational diabetes occurred in 72 (6.96 %) of 1,033 women in the study. There were a statistical relationship between early pregnancy urine calcium creatinine ratio and calcium supplementation with gestational diabetes, mean (SD), 0.29 (0.78) vs. 0.06(0.25) μg/dl, P value of < 0.001 and mean (SD), 133 (13.83%) vs. 22 (30.5%), P value of = 0.001 respectively. There was no statistical significant difference in calcium nutritional intake between groups. The receiver-operator characteristic curve identified that a maternal urine calcium creatinine ratio less than 0.076μg/dl in early pregnancy is the optimum cutoff value for predicting gestational diabetes. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that low urine calcium creatinine ratio and not using the calcium supplement in early pregnancy are related with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Maternal Calcium Status in First Half of Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus