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Objectives: To examine the association of Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in the prediction of frailty, pre-frailty, osteoporosis, falls and health conditions in elderly men and women. Methods: A four-year prospective study (2009-2013) with 106 elderly, both sexes, aged ≥ 60 years, of the city of Goiânia, Brazil. BMD was estimated using dual-energy X ray absorptiometry. Frailty was assessed subjectively, including the following components: unintentional weight loss, fatigue, and low physical activity, reduction of strength and gait speed. Results: Mean age was 70 years of age and Body Mass Index (BMI) was 26.7 kg/m2. The mean BMD for women was 1.042 (± 0.11) g/cm2 while for men, mean BMD was 1.169 (± 0.12) g/cm2, (p = 0.000). After adjustments for age and BMI in women, lower BMD values were significantly associated with osteoporosis (p = 0.003), frailty (p = 0.033), and pre-frailty (p = 0.037). Conclusion: BMD was predictive of frailty, pre-frailty and osteoporosis in women. In men, no associations were established.

Association of Bone Mineral Density with Frailty, Pre-Frailty, and Osteoporosis in Community-Dwelling Elderly: A Prospective Study