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Background: Each exercise mode can lead to a specific effect. On the other hand, herbal supplements increase the effects of exercise. Yet the interactive effect of exercise mode and Ursolic Acid (UA) on the Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT) has not been well explored. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 12-week Aerobic Training (AT), Resistance Training (RT), and High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) along with UA supplementation on muscle FNDC5 and adipose tissue UCP1 gene expression as well as plasma irisin levels. Methods: A total of 40 Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, including: (1) Control (C), (2) AT+UA, (3) RT+UA, and (4) HIIT+UA. UA (200 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally twice a day for 1 week. The training protocol included 12 weeks (5 sessions per week). Intensity of RT was applied from 50% to 100% 1-RM. Also, HIIT (1 min at 90-100%, 60-66 m/min and 2 min at 50-60%, 18-22 m/ min) and AT (50-60%) were carried out in the form of running on the treadmill. Results: FNDC5 (F = 23.444, P = 0.001, ƞ = 0.304), and UCP1 gene expression (F = 20.315, P = 0.001, ƞ = 0.260) and plasma irisin levels (F = 9.207, P = 0.001, ƞ = 0.249) were significantly different among the studied groups. The effect of AT (p = 0.01) was more than RT (p = 0.03) and HIIT (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Regarding the changes observed in the present study, the interactive effect of AT and UA supplementation may be more on brown adipose tissue production. Also, based on the specificity principle of training, it is likely that each variable can be influenced by a unique exercise mode.

Effect of Different Exercise Mode and Ursolic Acid Supplementation on FNDC5 and UCP1 Gene Expression and Plasma Irisin in Rats