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espanolLa promocion y prevencion en salud mental son crecientemente reconocidas como estrategias fundamentales. Se ha demostrado que programas promocionales y preventivos en esta area pueden ser efectivos. Existe la expectativa de que la diseminacion de estos programas pueda ayudar a disminuir la brecha entre necesidades de atencion en salud mental y recursos disponibles. Junto con describir estos antecedentes, este articulo analiza algunos desafios centrales para que esta area pueda tener el desarrollo esperado. Se plantea que si este desarrollo se realiza desde la logica del modelo medico puede contribuir a generar respuestas inadecuadas y, paradojicamente, a incrementar las necesidades de recursos en salud mental. Se analiza el riesgo que implicaria el uso masivo y recurrente del tamizaje de trastornos mentales desde una concepcion medicalizadora. Se propone que el desarrollo de la promocion y prevencion en salud mental es un desafio mayor y necesario pero que debe atender a las advertencias de lo que se denomina prevencion cuaternaria EnglishMental health promotion and prevention are increasingly recognized as essential strategies. It has been shown that promotional and preventive programs in this area can be effective. It is expected that spreading these programs may help to decrease the gap between the assistance needs in mental health and the resources available. Besides describing this background, this article analyzes some of the main challenges necessary to achieve the desired development in this area. It is hypothesized that, if this development is carried out based on the logic of the medical model, it may contribute to creating inappropriate answers and, paradoxically, to increasing the need for resources in mental health. We analyze the risk involved in the massive and recurrent use of mental disorder screening based on a medicalizing conception. Finally, we propose that developing promotion and prevention in mental health is a great and necessary challenge, but it must take into consideration the warnings arising from what is known as quaternary prevention.

PROMOCIÓN Y PREVENCIÓN EN SALUD MENTAL: ¿ESPERANZA FUNDADA, VANA ILUSIÓN O CONTRABANDO PSICOPATOLOGIZADOR?