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Echovirus 7, 13 and 19 are part of the diseases-causing enteroviruses identified in Nigeria. Presently, no treatment modality is clinically available against these enteric viruses. Herein, we investigated the ability of two anthraquinones (physcion and chrysophanol) and two lupane triterpenoids (betulinic acid and lupeol), isolated from the stem bark of Senna siamea, to reduce the viral-induced cytopathic effect on rhabdomyosarcoma cells using MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol–2-yl]-2,5diphenyltetrazolium bromide) colorimetric method. Viral-induced CPE by E7 and E19 was inhibited in the presence of all tested compounds, E13 was resistant to all the compounds except betulinic acid. Physcion was the most active with IC50 of 0.42 and 0.33 μg/mL on E7 and E19, respectively. We concluded that these compounds from Senna siamea possess anti-enteroviral activities and betulinic acid may represent a potential therapeutic agent to control E7, E13, and E19 infections, especially due its ability to inhibit CPE caused by the impervious E13.

Enterovirus inhibiting activities of two lupane triterpenoids and anthraquinones from senna siamea stem bark against three serotypes of echovirus