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Climate change impact is a mainstream topic in Pacific salmon stock dynamics research. Numerous studies analyze correlations of some salmon species or stock abundance conditions with one or another climate index. Meanwhile, it is evident that no one factor impacts salmon or their environment separately from other elements of the salmon ecosystem. To understand the importance of the contributions of the main physical elements into changing environmental conditions of salmon ecosystems in the North Pacific Ocean, we tried to evaluate correlations between commercial catches of several salmon species with the most popular climate indices. These indices characterize large-scale meteorological, oceanographic, and cosmo-physical processes defining the Earth’s climate. Climate change impacts on Pacific salmon (pink, chum, and sockeye) productivity was assessed based on long-term (1971–2015) fisheries statistics and dynamics of 18 climate indices using stepwise multivariate regression analysis. Three regional stock groups were analyzed: Eastern Kamchatka and Chukotka (BPG), Western Kamchatka and continental coast (NOG), and Sakhalin, Kuriles, Amur River, and Primorye (SOG). We analyzed salmon catch dynamics in numbers to avoid an influence of fluctuating average salmon body weight. Pink salmon heavily contribute to the total Russian commercial salmon catch, and its predominance is illustrated further when the numbers from catches are reviewed (Fig. 1). Portions of chum and sockeye salmon increased in the last few years, when their commercial catches by Russia regularly reached 100,000 metric tons for chum and 45,000 metric tons for sockeye. If we consider salmon catch dynamics by regional groups and by species, the three selected regional groups contributed comparable portions of the total catch. While the left parts of histograms demonstrate significant interannual variability determined by the interchange of oddand even-year pink salmon broodlines with different productivity, the right parts show a trend to levelling. The contribution of the NOG and SOG regional stock groups is much more significant for pink and chum salmon. Commercial catch increase is mostly determined by the SOG regional stock group, especially for chum salmon.

Climate Change and Pacific Salmon Productivity on the Russian Far East