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Synopsis: The investigation is concerned with the optimal operation of soaking pits by means of the systems engineering technique. The mathematical models of heat transfer for ingots and soaking pits are developed. The model for the ingot was evaluated to the data on surface and inner temperatures of ingot, while the model for the soaking pit was tested against the data on fuel flow. The results obtained are satisfactory to estimate the optimal heating pattern of the soaking pits. The optimization equations are formulated and the solution is obtained by using a multiplier method. Numerical results are given and the relation between the track time and the optimal solution is discussed. It is found that there exists an optimal heating time which minimizes the fuel consumption. When the heating time is shorter than the optimal value, the lowest temperature of the ingot becomes the constraint. On the other hand, when the heating time is longer than the optimal value, the mean temperature of the ingot becomes the constraint.

Optimal Heating of Ingots in the Soaking Pit Based on Temperature Estimation