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I t is wcl l known that the toughness of steel is improved by the a ustenite grain r efinement. There a re many ways to obtain a fin e grain size . A typical example is to use fine AlN or Nb(CN) precipitate.1 ,2) Gladman3 ) h as developed a genera l theory on the mechanism controlling the austenite grain size in which he correlated the critical stage of grain coarsening with the size a nd the vo lume frac tion of precipitates . There are many expel"imenta l evidences concerning the austenite grain refin ement using carbides and nitrid es. George and Ira ni ) determined grain coarsening temperature of th e Ti bearing steels as about I 200°C, which is higher by lOO°C tha n th at of the cases of other precipitate particles. Sim il a r experimental resu lts on Ti containing steels were obtained by Bashford and George. 5 ) I t has been suggested from these works that the size and the volume fraction of TiN a re the major factors which control the austenite grain coarsening at high tempel"atu res , but no observation has been offered. The present work is to study the dissolution , coalescence a nd precipita tion of TiN in the austenite temperature range with special reference to the austenite grain size. A simple model is proposed on the m echa nism of controlling the austenite g rain size by precipitate pa rti cles.

Effect of Distribution of TiN Precipitate Particles on the Austenite Grain Size of Low Carbon Low Alloy Steels