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Surface tension of molten slag is one of the most important physical properties, which measures the tendency of metallurgy phenomena occurring in metallurgy processes such as extraction, refining, casting. Typically, during the continuous casting of liquid steel, the entrapment of liquid mold flux into the liquid steel and the gap filling of liquid mold flux between the solidified shell of slab/billet and the copper cooling wall are closely related to the surface tension, which should be regulated properly avoiding defects in slab/billet.1,2) Liquid mold flux is a typical silicate melt, in which, Si4+ act as network formation cations commonly coordinate with four oxygen anions forming tetrahedron of SiO4 , which can further connect together forming chain-type or ringtype species via bridging oxygen (BO). The other cations of Ca2+ , Na + , Mg2+ act as network modifiers maintaining charge balance with anions. Ultrasonic is known as the cavitation effect, which causes complex sonochemistry effects induced by high-speed liquid jets and strong shear forces, and has been applied in many industrial processes for dispersion, crushing and degradation.3–12) Especially, organic polymers with macromolecules Surface Tension and Related Ions Behavior of Silicate Melts of the Na2O–K2O–SiO2–CaF2 System under Ultrasonic Irradiation

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Surface Tension and Related Ions Behavior of Silicate Melts of the Na&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O–K&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O–SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;–CaF&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; System under Ultrasonic Irradiation