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The Ruhrstahl-Heraeus (RH) degasser is widely used for the production of the ultra-clean steel, since it could efficiently reduce carbon and sulfur contents in molten steel.1–3) It is well known that the complicated flow of the molten steel in the RH degasser, caused by the vacuum and the lifting gas, would create a significant wear and tear of the lining refractory.4–6) Besides, the slag impregnation, depended on the chemical composition and the smelting temperature, also induces the degradation of the lining refractory.7–9) In order to improve the service life of the lining, it is valuable to gain a deeper understanding of the refractory wear behavior during the RH degassing process. Running experiments on a real device is the most intuitive approach for studying the refractory wear in the RH degasser. However, in the majority of cases, the measurement limitation and the harsh process environment result in the information provided by the experiments being inadequate.10) The critical phenomena such as the flow pattern of the molten steel, the floating motion of the gas bubble, and the fluctuaA CFD Study on Refractory Wear in RH Degassing Process