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The steel industry contributes to approximately 4–7% of man-made greenhouse gases.1) According to a statistical report published by the World Steel Association, blast furnace-converter route contributed to more than 70% of global crude steel production in recent years.2) Although blast furnaces operating in Europe are considered the most efficient with CO2 emissions of only 1 470 kg/tHM,3) due to tighter environmental regulations, constant efforts are made to reduce CO2 emissions further. Extensive research is dedicated to emission reduction, with a special focus on reducing iron ore with the help of hydrogen as a reducing agent, which is considered an innovative technology in CO2 emissions reduction.1) Several types of reactors have been used to study iron ore reduction. These reactors include fluidized bed reactors, packed bed reactors, and thermogravimetric analyzers (TGAs).4) Iron ore pellet reduction has been investigated in numerous studies in recent decades. Previous research found that at 700°C, there is a positive correlation between H2 content (up to 20%) and an improved reduction efficiency. H2 content also has a positive influence on the extent of Influence of H2–H2O Content on the Reduction of Acid Iron Ore Pellets in a CO–CO2–N2 Reducing Atmosphere

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Influence of H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;–H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O Content on the Reduction of Acid Iron Ore Pellets in a CO–CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;–N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Reducing Atmosphere