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The processing methods such as hot forging, hot extrusion and die casting, are economical ways to produce large quantities of complicated shaped products of light metals with high precision and good surface finish. Die steels used in these fields usually experience high cyclical mechanical and thermal loads. More than 80% failures of the dies are caused by thermal fatigue cracking. These conditions result in the degradation of the die steels, reducing the quality of the parts formed. Hot-work die steels with martensitic matrix, such as 3Cr2W8V, H13, THG2000 and QRO90, are widely applied in these fields. The working temperature at the surface of these dies could reach up to 550°C, which is close to the tempering temperature. However, operating at an elevated temperature inevitably leads to continuous evolution of the microstructure and drastically decrease various properties of dies related to hot hardness, wear resistance and high-temperature fatigue strength.1) For example, the temperature of the molding cavities used for copper alloys may ranges from 600°C to 970°C based on varies composiCharacterization on Microstructure and Carbides in an Austenitic Hot-work Die Steel during ESR Solidification Process