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Hot-work die steels with martensitic matrix, such as 3Cr2W8V, H13, THG2000 and QRO90, are widely applied in such fields as hot forging, hot extrusion and die-casting. The working temperature at the surface of these dies could reach up to 550°C, which is close to the tempering temperature. Operating at an elevated temperature inevitably leads to continuous evolution of the microstructure and certainly affect various properties of dies related to hot hardness, wear resistance and high-temperature fatigue strength.1) In recent years, demands for the specifications and performance requirements of die steels with higher temperature strength are enhanced unceasingly with the rapid development of large-scale equipment manufacturing industry. In order to improve the strength of die steel at the temperatures higher than 600°C, austenitic hot-work die steel, which has no matrix phase transformation during the thermal cycle services, has attracted much more attentions.2–6) Austenitic hot-work die steels always have longer service life and better thermal stability at higher working temEffect of Directional Solidification in Electroslag Remelting on the Microstructure and Cleanliness of an Austenitic Hot-work Die Steel