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Recent developments in high-strengthened steels generally require accurate microstructure control down to the nanoscale region. Some of them are already in a mass-production state, typically represented by nano-HITEN type steels.1) Dispersion strengthening including precipitation hardening is sensitive to the number density and size of the dispersed particles (i.e. precipitates or other heterogeneities). Therefore, characterization methods for those parameters are important to control the quality of the products and further the development of high performance steels. Important features required in the analysis include the following; accuracy of “size and number density” evaluation, “determination of phase and composition of the heterogeneities” and “simple preparation process”. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) satisfies most of these requirements except for the difficulty in sample preparations and statistical analysing processing.2) Since atom probe tomography (APT) gives detailed information of the partitioning of each element, it is extremely powerful for understanding the mechanism of the formation of nanoscale heterogeneities.3) However, it is difficult to obtain average features due to the limitation of measured volume. The calculation phase diagram Intermediate-angle Neutron Scattering Instrument for Quantitative and Non-destructive Characterization of Nanostructures in Steels and Other Alloys