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The carburizing process is widely used for producing the automotive transmission gears because it can give the high fatigue strength and the good wear resistance to the gears. In typical carburizing process, the steel is placed under a carburizing gas atmosphere at about 1 200 K to diffuse carbon from surface to the internal region of the steel, and then it is quenched into the oil. After that, the steel is tempered at about 420 K. Through these treatments, the low-temperature-tempered martensite structure which contains approximately 0.8 mass% carbon is obtained in the surface layer of the steel. The hardness of the surface layer is increased to HV 700–800 by these treatments. Among several types of carburizing processes, the gas carburizing process is the most popular because it is favorable for the continuous carburizing operation and thereby has a good productivity. In the gas carburizing process, the steel is placed under the gas atmosphere that contains a certain ratio of CO and CO2 to implant carbon atoms into the steel surface by the Boudouard reaction. Since this reaction rapidly reaches equilibrium, the interface between the gas atmosphere and Effect of Si Concentration on Carbon Concentration in Surface Layer after Gas Carburizing