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The demand for iron ore in Malaysia has increased steadily over the years. Malaysia has abundant low grade iron ore which has not been utilized as raw materials in iron making. There is a commercial potential to utilize local iron ore in blast furnace process of iron making, since a mini blast furnace with capacity of 0.5 million tons/year was constructed in 2012.1) Problems related to utilization of low grade iron ore in iron making process are the presence of combined water, impurities and unfavourable mechanical properties.2–4) Moreover, the utilization of low grade iron ore is not efficient since it requires extra energy consumption of coke as energy source. On the other hand, as the reduction process in iron making is driven with the carbothermic boudouard reaction and hydrogen reaction, there is a possibility to replace coke and natural gas with agro-industry residues which could provide both, carbon and energy for the reduction process.5–7) Beneficiation of low grade iron ore without further treatment is not appropriate since the iron oxide in the ore has weak magnetic properties.8,9) Thus, treatment of ore to improve the magnetic properties prior to upgrading process through magnetization technique is necessary. Many research works related to the prospective study of magnetic properties of iron ore have been reported.8–10) Wu et al. (2012) investigated the effect of pine sawdust as energy source onto magnetic properties of goethite ore through reduction roasting. Meanwhile, Pramusanto et al. (2011) also used reduction roasting as the method to study the effect of coal/ laterite ore ratios on the magnetization of the pellet. On the hand, Hadi et al. (2003) studied the magnetic properties of laterite ore before and after reduction process using CO/CO2 mixed gas as the source of energy. These studies show that reduction process could improve the magnetic properties of weak magnetic iron oxide into high magnetic iron oxide. However, the effect of magnetic properties of low grade iron ore through reduction roasting using oil palm empty fruit bunch as energy source has not been reported. The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of reduction roasting using oil palm empty fruit bunch as energy source on the magnetic properties of Malaysian iron ore.

Enhancement of Magnetic Properties of Malaysian Iron Ore by Reduction Roasting Using Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch