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The effect of slag properties (thickness and viscosity), have been evaluated in terms of mixing time, exposed surface or ladle eye and energy dissipation. A nozzle configuration defined in terms of the number of nozzles, its radial position and gas flow rate has been employed to describe the influence of the top layer on mixing phenomena. It has been found a negative effect of both slag thickness and slag viscosity on mixing time, on the other hand, the same properties are useful to decrease the exposed surface or ladle eye. An empirical approach using water modeling is suggested to evaluate the average velocity of the bulk liquid. The method was used to define the fraction of stirring energy consumed by the top layer. The result is in agreement with a previous investigation.

Effect of Slag Properties on Mixing Phenomena in Gas-stirred Ladles by Physical Modeling