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Due to the increased concerns with environment and energy issues, the industrial activities have been regulated in many areas. In particular, global warming by greenhouse gas such as CO2 produced from steel production plants is becoming serious. To meet the demands of those issues, many efforts have been made to decrease CO2 emission from steel industries. The slags generated in ironmaking and steelmaking processes contain a high fraction of CaO that exothermically reacts with CO2 to form carbonate. This carbonation reaction makes slags an attractive source for CO2 sequestration. It is called “mineral CO2 sequestration process” and a variety of attentions have been paid to this process due to its high CO2 storage potential and stability of final product. There are two approaches to mineral CO2 sequestration, which are (1) direct carbonation which binds the solidstate mineral with gaseous CO2, and (2) aqueous processes which extract calcium ions from the minerals into solution, followed by precipitation of either the carbonate or an intermediate product which is carbonated in a separate step. Despite of slow reaction rate and complexity of the process, previous researchers have focused on the aqueous process which is based on water–solid–gas reactor because the process can react at much lower temperatures than that of direct carbonation. The advantage of direct carbonation is its inherent simplicity compared with aqueous process. The exothermic nature of the CaO carbonation reaction also gives a chance to utilize generated heat in the case of direct carbonation. The main constraint for cost effective implementation of direct carbonation lies in the slow rate of the carbonation reaction. It is well known that the carbonation reaction of CaO is divided into two stage; chemical reaction-controlled stage which shows fast conversion followed by sudden transition to a much slower stage controlled by diffusion through the CaCO3 product layer. In this sense, it is of great importance to have fast whole carbonation reaction rate by direct carbonation, resulting in the successful implementation of economically attractive process of mineral CO2 sequestration. Therefore, the jet milling of CaO particles with CO2 gas has been carried out to find out the feasibility of “reactive comminution” in the present study.

Carbonation Reaction of CaO in Jet Milling of CO2 Gas