English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

The quality of steel products is closely associated with molten steel flow in the continuous casting mold. The flow is mainly governed by the structure of a sliding gate installed in the immersion nozzle. The flow rate of molten steel supplied into the mold is adjusted with the sliding gate by varying its opening. Ar gas is usually introduced into the immersion nozzle from the vicinity of the sliding gate to prevent attachment of nonmetallic inclusions such as alumina (Al2O3) to the inner wall of the immersion nozzle. A part of the Ar gas is disintegrated into bubbles of different diameters and they are carried into the molten steel flow, while the remaining part covers the inner wall of the immersion nozzle located downstream of the sliding gate like a gas curtain. The curtain is very beneficial for the prevention of direct contact of non-metallic inclusions to the inner wall of the immersion nozzle. According to a previous water model study, some of Ar bubbles attach to the sliding gate and detach nearly periodically from it under a certain condition. Such unsteady bubble behavior may cause unsteady flows in the immersion nozzle and the mold, and hence, may cause mold powder entrapment near the meniscus of the mold. It is widely known that bubbles preferably attach to a solid body of poor wettability. The wettability can be quantitatively evaluated in terms of contact angle, qC. The wettability of a solid is good when the contact angle, qC, is lower than 90°, while it is poor for 90° qC 180°. The attachment of Ar bubbles to the sliding gate is promoted as the contact angle of the sliding gate is increased. Information on bubble attachment to the sliding gate is limited. In this water model study the effects of the opening of the sliding gate, molten steel flow rate, Ar gas flow rate and wettability of the sliding gate on the Ar bubble attachment to the sliding gate were experimentally investigated.

Steady and Periodical Bubble Attachment to the Sliding Gate in Immersion Nozzle