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Chronic itch is a burdensome clinical issue that has a significant negative impact on quality of life. In the past two decades, the volume of research on itch has increased immensely. However, there is still a significant lack of translation from scientific findings into medical practice. We previously identified a colony of Cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) suffering from idiopathic chronic itch (1). This non-human primate chronic itch model could provide a translational bridge for studying chronic itch. Histidine decarboxylase (HDC) is the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of histamine. Recently, an increase in epidermal HDC was shown in acute and chronic itch-related behaviors induced by topical application of anionic surfactants in mice (2, 3). Additionally, epidermal HDC is elevated in mice with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced itch (4). Thus, these findings suggest that increased HDC in the epidermis might play a role in itch. In the present study, we investigated whether epidermal HDC is associated with itch severity in the primate model.

Expression of Histidine Decarboxylase in the Epidermis of Primates with Chronic Itch