English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) could be a possible mediator of insulin resistance. We investigated whether IL-6 could inhibit insulin signaling in human skeletal myotubes and whether suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS-3) could be related to insulin resistance in vivo in humans. IL-6 inhibited insulin signaling and induced SOCS-3 expression in differentiated myotubes. SOCS-3 mRNA levels were significantly increased in the skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic patients compared with control subjects and correlated with reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. In contrast, SOCS-3 mRNA levels were reduced in muscle of obese nondiabetic subjects compared with type 2 diabetic patients, despite similar circulating concentrations of IL-6. Increased SOCS-3 mRNA levels in diabetes were not attributable to hyperglycemia, as type 1 diabetic patients had normal SOCS-3 mRNA expression in muscle. However, the combination of high glucose and IL-6 levels in type 2 diabetic patients may induce SOCS-3 expression, as has been seen in human muscle cells. In subcutaneous adipose tissue, SOCS-3 mRNA levels were increased in obese individuals and strongly correlated with IL-6 expression, supporting a paracrine effect of IL-6 on SOCS-3 expression in fat. Taken together, our results showed that SOCS-3 expression in human skeletal muscle in vivo is not related to insulin resistance in the presence of elevated IL-6 concentrations and suggest that cytokine action could differ in type 2 diabetic patients and nondiabetic obese subjects.

Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Expression and Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle of Obese and Type 2 Diabetic Patients