English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Plasminogen activator (PA) is the enzyme responsible for converting plasminogen to its active form, plasmin, which is involved in various physiological and pathological phenomena. PA exists in two forms: urokinase-type PA (uPA) and tissue-type PA (tPA). Here we investigated the effect of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) on PA production and secretion in human dental pulp cells. When the cells were stimulated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL), PA activity in the medium clearly increased in a time-dependent manner, and this activity was reduced after immunoprecipitation with anti-uPA antibody, but not with anti-tPA antibody. In TNF-α-stimulated cells, the expression of uPA mRNA was enhanced, but was lower than that of tPA mRNA. The expression of uPA mRNA and PA secretion stimulated by TNF-α were reduced by the tyrosine kinase inhibitors herbimycin A and genistein, and by the NFκB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, but were augmented by the tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor sodium orthovanadate. In the presence of another inflammatory cytokine, interleukin 1β (IL-1β, 100 pg/mL), TNF-α-stimulated expression of uPA mRNA and secretion of uPA were enhanced. These observations suggest that TNF-α stimulates uPA production and secretion, and that this effect is regulated via activation of NFκB and tyrosine phosphorylation, apparently in conjunction with IL-1β, during inflammation in human dental pulp.

Tumor necrosis factor α stimulates expression and secretion of urokinase plasminogen activator in human dental pulp cells