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The method for analizing vitamin B12 binder in natural seawater was evaluated. Based on this evaluation, the distribution and seasonal variation of free and bound B12 in the water of Uranouchi Inlet were investigated. Through these studies, the relationship between the content of B12 compounds and other environmental factors in seawater is discussed. The protein-coated charcoal method was found to be an applicable and reliable why to determine the B12 binder in seawater samples. The water of Uranouchi Inlet is rather eutrophied, and the content of total B12 in the water ranged from 1.5 to 15.2ng/l. The concentration of free B12 was 0.02-12.9ng/l. The content of B12 bound to B12 binder (bound B12) ranger from 0 to 5.1ng/l in the water. The ratio of bound B12 to total B12 averaged 35%. The content of bound B12 correlated closely with the concentration of chlorophyll a, phosphorus, and COD, therefore some of the sources of B12 binder in seawater seem to be produced by phytoplankton and/or organic substances. The result reveals that the B12 binder exists in eutrophic seawaters to some extent all year round, and that the B12 binder in the water could influence the growth of organisms requiring B12 and the succession of phytoplankton species.

Distribution of Vitamin B12 Binder in the Water of Uranouchi Inlet, Japan.