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The stimulatory effects of various substances contained in the extract of short-necked clam on the lip chemoreceptors of puffer, Fugu pardalis, were studied by recording the electrical responses from the taste nerve supplying the chemoreceptors. Among twenty-one amino acids tested at 0.01M, L-alanine, L-aspartic acid, glycine and L-proline stimulated the receptors. Nucleotides such as adenosine-5'-monophosphate, inosine-5'-monophosphate, uridine-5'-monophosphate, and adenosine-5'-diphosphate were also effective. The fibers tested in single unit or in few fiber preparations were roughly divided into three groups; first, those responding well to hydrochloric acid, second, those responding well to nucleotides, and third, those responding well to amino acids. Thus the puffer seems to have different receptors for the three kinds of substances. Most of the fibers in the third group responded uniformly to alanine, glycine, and proline. Similarly, the second group tended to respond to all of inosine-5'-monophosphate, uridine-5'-monophosphate, and adenosine-5'-diphosphate. Fibers responsive to betaine were found in both the first and the third groups, indicating that there exist at least two kinds of receptors for betaine.

Gustatory response in the puffer. II. Single fiber analyses.