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Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop region was used to compare the genetic diversity of 5 strains of red sea bream Pagrus major. Composite haplotypes, representing the information from 6 restriction endonucleases, were generated f or samples of 35-40 fish from each strain. The components of haplotypes in the cultured strains differed considerably from those of the natural population. This is remarkable from the point of view of haplotype specialization. The results of a chi-square randomization test, in which differences be tween the strains were very significant, also showed that the specializations of haplotype were accelerat ed. Haplotypes occurred at a rate of 0.11 to 0.29 in the cultured strains, and 0.33 in the natural popula tion. Haplotypic diversities were 0.34 to 0.84 in the cultured strains, and 0.86 in the natural population. The UPGMA clustering, based on pure mean nucleotide sequence divergence, differed entirely from the UPGMA clustering based on the allozyme genetic distance. For this reason, it is thought that RFLP analysis of the mtDNA D-loop region could sensitively detect the bottleneck effect caused by a decrease in the effective number of parents. The pure mean nucleotide sequence divergences between the cul tured strains were wider (17 times) and higher (29 times) than the values between the natural popula tion. Thus, RFLP analysis of the mtDNA D-loop region was thought to be a good method for monitor ing the genetic changes that occur during selective breeding.

Genetic Diversity of Five Strains of Red Sea Bream <i>Pagrus major</i> by RFLP Analysis of the mtDNA D-loop Region